ra8_freestanding.h File Reference

Project-owned freestanding C runtime ABI primitives. More...

#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdint.h>

Include dependency graph for ra8_freestanding.h:

This graph shows which files directly or indirectly include this file:

Go to the source code of this file.

Functions
void *	memset (void *dst, int value, size_t n)
	Fill memory with a constant byte value.
void *	memcpy (void *dst, const void *src, size_t n)
	Copy memory area between non-overlapping regions.
void *	memmove (void *dst, const void *src, size_t n)
	Copy memory area between potentially overlapping regions.
int	memcmp (const void *a, const void *b, size_t n)
	Compare bytes in two memory areas.
void *	memchr (const void *s, int c, size_t n)
	Locate a byte in a memory area.
size_t	strlen (const char *s)
	Calculate string length.
size_t	strnlen (const char *s, size_t maxlen)
	Calculate bounded string length.
int	strcmp (const char *s1, const char *s2)
	Compare two null-terminated strings.
int	strncmp (const char *s1, const char *s2, size_t n)
	Compare two strings up to a specified length.
char *	strchr (const char *s, int c)
	Locate first occurrence of character in string.
char *	strrchr (const char *s, int c)
	Locate last occurrence of character in string.
char *	strstr (const char *haystack, const char *needle)
	Locate substring in string.
char *	strcpy (char *dst, const char *src)
	Copy string to destination buffer.
char *	strncpy (char *dst, const char *src, size_t n)
	Copy bounded string to destination buffer.
int	abs (int j)
	Compute absolute value of integer.

Detailed Description

Project-owned freestanding C runtime ABI primitives.

Tag

[Ring 0 / Foundation] {World: Dual}

Declares standard compiler-required memory, string, and integer primitives implemented directly in target firmware without libc or newlib dependencies. Satisfies standard ABI contracts required by GCC and clang codegen while ensuring all implementations are bounded, deterministic, and heap-free.

Copyright

Copyright (c) 2026 Brighton Sikarskie SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

Since

0.1.0

Definition in file ra8_freestanding.h.

Function Documentation

abs()

int abs

(

int

j

)

Compute absolute value of integer.

Returns the absolute value of j.

Parameters

[in]

j

Signed integer value.

Returns

Absolute value of j.

Return values

value

Non-negative absolute value.

Precondition

j is not INT_MIN (which cannot be represented as positive int).

Standard integer evaluation context.

Postcondition

Returned value is non-negative.

Input j is unmodified.

Note

Pure arithmetic function; never allocates; reentrant and thread-safe.

Since

0.1.0

Returns the non-negative magnitude of j.

Parameters

[in]

j

Signed integer value.

Returns

Absolute value of j.

Return values

value

Non-negative integer.

Precondition

j is not INT_MIN.

Standard two's complement integer environment.

Postcondition

Returned value is non-negative.

Input j is unmodified.

Note

Pure arithmetic function; never allocates; reentrant and thread-safe.

Since

0.1.0

Definition at line 34 of file ra8_freestanding_math.c.

Referenced by internal_emit_hit(), internal_emit_tag_url(), and sh_src_string().

memchr()

void * memchr	(	const void *	s,
		int	c,
		size_t	n )

Locate a byte in a memory area.

Scans the initial n bytes of s for the first instance of c.

Parameters

[in]	s	Pointer to memory buffer.
[in]	c	Byte value to search for (interpreted as unsigned char).
[in]	n	Maximum bytes to examine.

Returns

Pointer to matching byte, or nullptr if not found.

Return values

non-null	Pointer to matching byte within s.
nullptr	Byte not found within first n bytes, or n is zero.

Precondition

s points to at least n readable bytes if n > 0.

s is valid and addressable.

Postcondition

Memory buffer is unmodified.

Returned pointer is within [s, s + n) on success.

Note

Freestanding runtime primitive; never allocates; reentrant and thread-safe when memory is not concurrently modified.

Since

0.1.0

Scans the initial n bytes of s for the first instance of c.

Parameters

[in]	s	Pointer to memory buffer.
[in]	c	Byte value to search for.
[in]	n	Maximum bytes to examine.

Returns

Pointer to matching byte, or nullptr if not found.

Return values

non-null	Pointer to matching byte within s.
nullptr	Byte not found within first n bytes, or n is zero.

Precondition

s points to at least n readable bytes if n > 0.

s is addressable and valid.

Postcondition

Memory buffer is unmodified.

Returned pointer is within [s, s + n) on success.

Note

Freestanding runtime primitive; never allocates; reentrant and thread-safe when memory is not concurrently modified.

Since

0.1.0

Definition at line 164 of file ra8_freestanding_mem.c.

Referenced by elf_string_foreach(), internal_extract_class(), internal_extract_label(), internal_extract_meta(), internal_rtt_match_stage(), internal_scan_tags(), internal_urlname_path_start(), and mdl_extract_hits().

memcmp()

int memcmp	(	const void *	a,
		const void *	b,
		size_t	n )

Compare bytes in two memory areas.

Compares the first n bytes of memory areas a and b as unsigned char values.

Parameters

[in]	a	First memory area pointer.
[in]	b	Second memory area pointer.
[in]	n	Maximum number of bytes to compare.

Returns

Difference between first differing bytes, or 0 if all equal.

Return values

0	All n bytes match or n is zero.
<0	First differing byte in a is less than in b.
>0	First differing byte in a is greater than in b.

Precondition

a points to at least n readable bytes if n > 0.

b points to at least n readable bytes if n > 0.

Postcondition

Input buffers are unmodified.

Comparison is based on unsigned byte values per ISO C standard.

Note

Freestanding runtime primitive; never allocates; reentrant and thread-safe when memory regions are not concurrently modified.

Since

0.1.0

Compares the first n bytes of a and b as unsigned char.

Parameters

[in]	a	First memory area pointer.
[in]	b	Second memory area pointer.
[in]	n	Maximum number of bytes to compare.

Returns

Negative if a < b, positive if a > b, 0 if equal.

Return values

0	All n bytes match or n is zero.
<0	First differing byte in a is less than in b.
>0	First differing byte in a is greater than in b.

Precondition

a points to at least n readable bytes if n > 0.

b points to at least n readable bytes if n > 0.

Postcondition

Input buffers are unmodified.

Comparison semantics follow unsigned byte order.

Note

Freestanding runtime primitive; never allocates; reentrant and thread-safe when memory regions are not concurrently modified.

Since

0.1.0

Definition at line 136 of file ra8_freestanding_mem.c.

Referenced by cdc_echo_round(), demo_read_verify(), demo_restore(), demo_write_verify(), dfu_upload_verify(), er_image_loader(), er_nav_chapter(), fs_fmt_create_and_verify(), fs_fmt_rename_and_verify(), gcm_dec_ok(), gcm_enc_ok(), hid_read_round(), hid_read_round(), internal_attr_duplicate(), internal_bpp(), internal_bytes_equal(), internal_c6_cam_request_is(), internal_cache_decode(), internal_compare(), internal_cookie_field_is(), internal_data_offset(), internal_decode_entity(), internal_demo_read_once(), internal_demo_roundtrip(), internal_demo_roundtrip(), internal_demo_verify_cert_pin(), internal_dispatch(), internal_drive(), internal_end(), internal_format(), internal_is_webp(), internal_is_webp(), internal_jof_is_webp(), internal_kat_one(), internal_key_eq(), internal_mdl_state_decode_header(), internal_mdl_state_scan_slot(), internal_mdl_transfer_commit(), internal_name_chunk(), internal_net_tcp_on_estab(), internal_one_round_trip(), internal_parse_header_region(), internal_probe(), internal_probe_sniff(), internal_program_table(), internal_ra8_io_roundtrip_read_verify(), internal_rtt_drain(), internal_rtt_match_stage(), internal_section_table(), internal_swap_vfs_read_verify(), internal_tc_blob_roundtrip(), internal_upload_verify(), internal_urlname_last_path_marker(), internal_verify_book(), internal_zip_scan_window_for_eocd(), jof_parse(), kat_sha256(), microsd_verify_one(), mlun_verify_one(), ns_host_echo_round(), ospirw_verify_one(), priv_jof_png_prologue(), ra8_io_roundtrip_read_verify(), sdhi_card_block_roundtrip(), sdhi_demo_read_and_verify(), selftest_verify_mram_raw(), selftest_verify_mram_raw(), selftest_verify_mram_raw(), selftest_verify_mram_raw(), selftest_verify_ospi_raw(), sh_paged_hdr_ok(), verify_blob(), wlun_verify_one(), and worker_is_webp().

memcpy()

void * memcpy	(	void *	dst,
		const void *	src,
		size_t	n )

Copy memory area between non-overlapping regions.

Copies n bytes from memory area src to memory area dst. The memory areas must not overlap.

Parameters

[out]	dst	Destination buffer pointer.
[in]	src	Source buffer pointer.
[in]	n	Number of bytes to copy.

Returns

Original destination pointer dst.

Return values

dst	The destination pointer passed in dst is always returned.

Precondition

dst and src do not overlap.

dst and src point to at least n valid bytes if n > 0.

Postcondition

The n bytes at dst match the n bytes at src.

Source memory is unmodified.

Note

Freestanding runtime primitive; never allocates; reentrant and thread-safe when memory regions are not concurrently modified.

Since

0.1.0

Copies n bytes from src to dst sequentially.

Parameters

[out]	dst	Destination buffer pointer.
[in]	src	Source buffer pointer.
[in]	n	Number of bytes to copy.

Returns

Original destination pointer dst.

Return values

dst	The destination pointer passed in dst is always returned.

Precondition

dst and src do not overlap.

dst and src point to at least n valid bytes if n > 0.

Postcondition

The n bytes at dst match the n bytes at src.

Source memory is unmodified.

Note

Freestanding runtime primitive; never allocates; reentrant and thread-safe when memory regions are not concurrently modified.

Since

0.1.0

Definition at line 70 of file ra8_freestanding_mem.c.

Referenced by app_flash_readback(), app_make_cfg(), app_make_manifest(), app_net_read(), board_net_poll_rx(), board_sd_read_block(), board_usb_bridge_bulk_in_take(), board_usb_bridge_bulk_out(), board_usb_bridge_dcp_in_take(), board_usb_bridge_dcp_out(), board_usb_feed_bulk_in(), board_usb_loop_bulk_out(), board_usb_loop_ctrl_out(), board_usbhs_host_shadow_handoff(), board_view_read_rgb888_fd(), book_src_read(), book_src_resident(), cb_host_output_open(), cb_trace_bind(), cm_ct_read(), cm_read(), comic_page_info(), demo_fat_fill_boot(), demo_fat_fill_boot(), demo_fat_fill_root(), demo_fat_fill_root(), demo_fat_fill_sector(), demo_msc_read(), demo_msc_write(), dfu_read(), dfu_write(), emulate_mve(), epub_miniz_realloc(), internal_apply_cookie_line(), internal_arena_realloc(), internal_arena_valid(), internal_authority_of(), internal_backing_read(), internal_bd_copy_slice(), internal_bdsink_fill_chunk(), internal_board_sd_stage_block(), internal_body_buffer_prefix(), internal_book_src_read_paged(), internal_c6_cam_audio_write_header(), internal_c6_get(), internal_c6_output_write(), internal_c6link_op_get_ap(), internal_c6link_op_get_mac(), internal_cache_body_leaf(), internal_cache_copy(), internal_cache_host_leaf(), internal_cache_read_block(), internal_cache_write_block(), internal_cli_artifact_url(), internal_compress_put(), internal_config_set_str(), internal_copy(), internal_copy_fits(), internal_copy_name(), internal_copy_object(), internal_copy_object(), internal_copy_object(), internal_cover_copy(), internal_cursor_entry(), internal_decode_header(), internal_decode_one(), internal_demo_bio_send(), internal_demo_http_get(), internal_demo_roundtrip(), internal_derive_stem(), internal_devcfg_deserialize(), internal_devcfg_serialize(), internal_devcfg_xm_read(), internal_devcfg_xm_write(), internal_dir_next(), internal_dir_pack_sector(), internal_dir_unpack_sector(), internal_download_all(), internal_download_manifest(), internal_drain_rx_slot(), internal_dump_row(), internal_emit(), internal_event_cb(), internal_exfat_list_emit(), internal_fat16_write_bpb(), internal_fat32_write_bpb(), internal_fat_dir_scan_sector(), internal_filter_prefix(), internal_float_to_u32(), internal_flush_band(), internal_h_memcpy(), internal_h_realloc(), internal_handle_init(), internal_hdr_read(), internal_host_echo_send_out(), internal_intern_name(), internal_jof_pull(), internal_json_str(), internal_library_act_on_node(), internal_library_remove_root(), internal_list_pages(), internal_make_header(), internal_make_name(), internal_make_span(), internal_mdl_accept_chunk(), internal_mdl_copy_field(), internal_mdl_http_field_copy(), internal_mdl_stage_headers(), internal_mdl_state_emit_chapters(), internal_mdl_state_encode(), internal_mdl_state_encode_header(), internal_mdl_state_parse_binary64(), internal_mdl_state_paths(), internal_mdl_transfer_commit(), internal_memory_capture(), internal_memory_capture(), internal_memory_read(), internal_memory_write(), internal_meta_candidate_path(), internal_meta_consume(), internal_miss(), internal_mram_read(), internal_mve_mem_exec(), internal_name(), internal_net_eth_hdr(), internal_net_queue(), internal_net_rx_arp(), internal_net_send_arp_reply(), internal_net_send_arp_request(), internal_net_send_tcp(), internal_packet_to_buffer(), internal_packet_to_buffer(), internal_panel_set_name(), internal_parent(), internal_parse_xml_tag(), internal_pax_apply(), internal_pdm_stream_data(), internal_png_consume_rows(), internal_png_translate(), internal_pointer_address(), internal_prof_decimate(), internal_ra8_esp_hosted_c6link_transfer(), internal_ram_read(), internal_ram_write(), internal_ram_write(), internal_ram_write(), internal_rbkc_header(), internal_read_at(), internal_read_block(), internal_render_svg(), internal_resolve_descriptor_path(), internal_resolve_one_leaf(), internal_resolve_path_rel(), internal_resolve_scheme_rel(), internal_sd_boot_frame(), internal_select_window(), internal_slab_next(), internal_slab_set_next(), internal_sort_pages(), internal_spans_overlap(), internal_split_output(), internal_split_output(), internal_split_output(), internal_split_path(), internal_split_path(), internal_stage_name(), internal_str_copy_trimmed(), internal_stub_read(), internal_submit_consume_orphan(), internal_super_read(), internal_swap_rows(), internal_tar_feed(), internal_tar_header(), internal_tar_member(), internal_temp_leaf(), internal_temp_name(), internal_temp_name(), internal_temp_name(), internal_temp_name(), internal_u32_to_float(), internal_urlname_copy(), internal_ustar_name(), internal_vmsc_fill_boot(), internal_vmsc_fill_root(), internal_vmsc_overlay_get(), internal_vmsc_overlay_put(), internal_write_block(), internal_write_entry(), internal_write_eth_header(), internal_write_one_sector(), internal_zip_workspace_realloc(), jof_memstore_pread(), jof_memstore_sink(), main(), mdl_export_workspace_take(), mdl_meta_parse(), mdl_path_join(), mdl_rabook_vfs_validate(), mdl_search_build_url(), mdl_state_set_series_metadata(), mdl_xml_escape(), mg_png_pull(), microsd_msc_read(), mkbookimg_dest_name(), nx_ether_driver_c6_rx(), nx_ether_driver_c6_set_mac(), prep_mailbox(), priv_alphabet_soup_split_path(), priv_bridge_pump_device(), priv_c6link_frame_classify(), priv_c6link_frame_filler(), priv_c6link_frame_seal(), priv_cache_store_super_write(), priv_comic_page_add(), priv_fs_posix_dir_next(), priv_fs_posix_parent_open(), priv_jof_on_rows(), priv_jof_prefix_pull(), priv_mdl_cache_save(), priv_mdl_epub_str_cat(), priv_mdl_export_jof(), priv_mdl_net_curl_buf_write(), priv_mdl_rabook_flat_read(), priv_mdl_state_decimal_to_binary64(), priv_mdl_verify_workspace_take(), priv_media_download_memory_read(), priv_media_download_memory_write_at(), priv_ra8_esp_hosted_rtos_alloc(), priv_ra8_esp_hosted_rtos_block_size(), priv_ra8_esp_hosted_rtos_release(), priv_rar5_filter_delta(), priv_reflow_tok_capture_attr(), priv_rv_trace_reference(), ra8_c6link_mdl_start_request(), ra8_dfu_read_header(), ra8_eth_gwca_default_send(), ra8_eth_gwca_tx_frame(), ra8_img_arena_realloc_sized(), ra8_ota_check_for_update(), ra8_ota_init(), ra8_power_profile_get_stats(), ra8_psa_key_import(), ra8_psa_sign_hash(), ra8_psa_verify_hash(), ra8_rabook_add_image(), ra8_rabook_gray8_encode(), ra8_rabook_intern(), ra8_vmem_stream_read(), ra8_vsource_loader(), rot_tamper_rejected(), sb_tampered_rejected(), selftest_fat_fill_boot(), selftest_fat_fill_boot(), selftest_fat_fill_boot(), selftest_fat_fill_boot(), selftest_fat_fill_boot(), selftest_fat_fill_root(), selftest_fat_fill_root(), selftest_fat_fill_root(), selftest_fat_fill_root(), selftest_fat_fill_root(), selftest_fat_fill_sector(), selftest_fat_fill_sector(), selftest_fat_fill_sector(), selftest_fat_fill_sector(), sh_comic_blob_read(), sh_fit(), sh_paged_mram_read(), sh_reader_render(), sh_shelf_build_thumbs(), strchr(), strrchr(), strstr(), unarch_mem_read(), wlun_msc_read(), wlun_msc_write(), and worker_pull().

memmove()

void * memmove	(	void *	dst,
		const void *	src,
		size_t	n )

Copy memory area between potentially overlapping regions.

Copies n bytes from src to dst with correct overlap handling by determining forward vs backward copy order.

Parameters

[out]	dst	Destination buffer pointer.
[in]	src	Source buffer pointer.
[in]	n	Number of bytes to copy.

Returns

Original destination pointer dst.

Return values

dst	The destination pointer passed in dst is always returned.

Precondition

dst points to at least n writable bytes if n > 0.

src points to at least n readable bytes if n > 0.

Postcondition

The n bytes at dst match the initial n bytes at src.

Safe against any degree of overlap between dst and src.

Note

Freestanding runtime primitive; never allocates; reentrant and thread-safe when memory regions are not concurrently modified.

Since

0.1.0

Copies n bytes from src to dst handling overlaps safely.

Parameters

[out]	dst	Destination buffer pointer.
[in]	src	Source buffer pointer.
[in]	n	Number of bytes to copy.

Returns

Original destination pointer dst.

Return values

dst	The destination pointer passed in dst is always returned.

Precondition

dst points to at least n writable bytes if n > 0.

src points to at least n readable bytes if n > 0.

Postcondition

The n bytes at dst match the initial n bytes at src.

Handles any overlap between dst and src correctly.

Note

Freestanding runtime primitive; never allocates; reentrant and thread-safe when memory regions are not concurrently modified.

Since

0.1.0

Definition at line 95 of file ra8_freestanding_mem.c.

Referenced by internal_chunk_flat_read(), internal_js_slide(), and internal_prepend_underscore().

memset()

void * memset	(	void *	dst,
		int	value,
		size_t	n )

Fill memory with a constant byte value.

Sets the first n bytes of the memory area pointed to by dst to the specified value (converted to an unsigned char).

Parameters

[out]	dst	Pointer to the destination memory block to fill.
[in]	value	Byte value to write (passed as int, converted to uint8_t).
[in]	n	Number of bytes to set.

Returns

Original destination pointer dst.

Return values

dst	The destination pointer passed in dst is always returned.

Precondition

dst points to at least n contiguous writable bytes if n > 0.

The destination memory region is addressable and valid.

Postcondition

The first n bytes of dst contain (uint8_t)value.

Bytes beyond n are unmodified.

Note

Freestanding runtime primitive; never allocates; reentrant and thread-safe when destination memory is not concurrently modified.

Since

0.1.0

Sets the first n bytes of dst to value converted to uint8_t.

Parameters

[out]	dst	Destination buffer to fill.
[in]	value	Byte value to write.
[in]	n	Number of bytes to write.

Returns

Original destination pointer dst.

Return values

dst	The destination pointer passed in dst is always returned.

Precondition

dst points to at least n writable bytes if n > 0.

The destination memory region is addressable and valid.

Postcondition

The first n bytes of dst contain (uint8_t)value.

Bytes beyond n are unmodified.

Note

Freestanding runtime primitive; never allocates; reentrant and thread-safe when destination memory is not concurrently modified.

Since

0.1.0

Definition at line 45 of file ra8_freestanding_mem.c.

Referenced by app_make_cfg(), app_make_manifest(), ble_npl_callout_init(), ble_npl_event_init(), ble_npl_eventq_init(), board_net_init(), compile_fixture(), demo_calloc(), demo_fat_fill_sector(), demo_jiggle_send(), demo_msc_class_register(), demo_reopen_naive(), epub_entry_open(), fs_fmt_create_and_verify(), fs_fmt_rename_and_verify(), fw_fs_ra8_vfs_init(), fw_fs_space(), fw_fs_stat(), hid_send_iter(), hid_send_iter(), internal_allocate_pipeline(), internal_bdsink_flush(), internal_board_sd_cmd_send_csd(), internal_board_sd_fill_block(), internal_cache_encode_record(), internal_cache_storage(), internal_canfd_reset(), internal_copy_name(), internal_demo_calloc(), internal_demo_get_and_verify(), internal_demo_phase_remount(), internal_demo_put_and_verify(), internal_devcfg_serialize(), internal_dir_pack_sector(), internal_extract_series_metadata(), internal_fill_565(), internal_fill_slot(), internal_fill_strip(), internal_gb_render(), internal_h_calloc(), internal_h_memset(), internal_handle_send(), internal_handle_send(), internal_init_state(), internal_js_begin(), internal_library_workspace_reset(), internal_make_tables(), internal_mdl_next_capacity(), internal_mdl_state_big_init(), internal_mdl_state_big_shift(), internal_mdl_state_encode_header(), internal_mram_reset(), internal_native_window(), internal_net_ip_hdr(), internal_net_send_arp_reply(), internal_net_send_arp_request(), internal_net_send_ping(), internal_net_send_tcp(), internal_png_bind_geometry(), internal_pool_reset(), internal_ra8_io_roundtrip_read_verify(), internal_ram_erase(), internal_rbkc_pack(), internal_read_block(), internal_read_one(), internal_replay_open(), internal_resp_reset(), internal_run_budget(), internal_run_prepared(), internal_sdhi_begin_write(), internal_sdhi_load_block(), internal_sdhi_reset(), internal_seed_cells(), internal_session_mbedtls_setup(), internal_solve_words(), internal_super_read(), internal_swap_vfs_read_verify(), internal_tar_header(), internal_tx_ext_init(), internal_txn_begin(), internal_txn_begin(), internal_validate_body(), internal_vmsc_fill_sector(), internal_wire_window(), internal_write_entry(), internal_xspi_do_erase(), internal_xspi_reset(), load_panel(), long_shift_seam_install(), main(), mdl_extract_hits(), mdl_fetch_run(), mdl_governor_init_clock(), mdl_meta_init(), mdl_rabook_vfs_validate(), mdl_state_add_chapter_numbered(), mdl_state_init(), mem_tile_decode(), microsd_class_register(), mlun_class_register(), ospirw_class_register(), priv_cache_store_super_write(), priv_comic_cbz_open(), priv_dfu_write_secure(), priv_host_deliver_setup(), priv_jof_png_rows(), priv_mdl_export_prepare_cover(), priv_mdl_zip_workspace_bind(), priv_ota_manifest_decode(), priv_ra8_esp_hosted_rtos_deinit(), priv_ra8_esp_hosted_rtos_init(), priv_ra8_esp_hosted_rtos_pool_deinit(), priv_ra8_esp_hosted_rtos_pool_init(), priv_ra8_esp_hosted_rtos_sync_deinit(), priv_ra8_esp_hosted_rtos_sync_init(), priv_viewer_render_jof(), priv_viewer_tile_jof(), ra8_eth_gwca_init_ring(), ra8_eth_gwca_install_linkfix(), ra8_fs_dir_open(), ra8_glyph_atlas_init(), ra8_io_blockdev_vsource_init(), ra8_io_roundtrip_read_verify(), ra8_jpeg_sw_decode(), ra8_jpeg_sw_encode(), ra8_ota_deinit(), ra8_psa_crypto_deinit(), ra8_psa_key_destroy(), ra8_rabook_gray4_downscale(), ra8_rabook_gray4_encode(), ra8_tile_cache_init(), ra8_tls_session_close(), ra8_vmem_init(), ra8_vsource_loader(), ra8_wdt_supervisor_deinit(), ra8_wdt_supervisor_init(), ra8_webp_arena_calloc(), sdhi_card_block_roundtrip(), sdhi_demo_read_and_verify(), sdmsc_class_register(), selftest_fat_fill_sector(), selftest_fat_fill_sector(), selftest_fat_fill_sector(), selftest_fat_fill_sector(), selftest_fat_fill_sector(), selftest_msc_class_register(), selftest_msc_class_register(), selftest_msc_class_register(), soup_init(), and wlun_class_register().

strchr()

char * strchr	(	const char *	s,
		int	c )

Locate first occurrence of character in string.

Scans s for the first instance of character c (including null).

Parameters

[in]	s	Null-terminated string to search.
[in]	c	Character value to locate (converted to char).

Returns

Pointer to first occurrence in s, or nullptr if not found.

Return values

non-null	Pointer to first matching character in s.
nullptr	Character not found in s.

Precondition

s points to a valid null-terminated string.

s is readable.

Postcondition

String content is unmodified.

Returned pointer (if non-null) is within s.

Note

Freestanding runtime primitive; never allocates; reentrant and thread-safe when input string is not concurrently modified.

Since

0.1.0

Scans s for the first instance of character c (including null).

Parameters

[in]	s	Null-terminated string to search.
[in]	c	Character value to locate.

Returns

Pointer to first occurrence in s, or nullptr if not found.

Return values

non-null	Pointer to first matching character in s.
nullptr	Character not found in s.

Precondition

s points to a valid null-terminated string.

s is readable.

Postcondition

String content is unmodified.

Returned pointer (if non-null) is within s.

Note

Freestanding runtime primitive; never allocates; reentrant and thread-safe when input string is not concurrently modified.

Since

0.1.0

Definition at line 157 of file ra8_freestanding_str.c.

References memcpy().

Referenced by internal_args_attach_blank_sd(), internal_authority_of(), internal_config_apply_line(), internal_cookie_name_valid(), internal_has_separator(), internal_json_str(), internal_mdl_state_split_tabs(), internal_next_line(), internal_panel_split_kv(), internal_parse_kv_line(), internal_parse_panel(), internal_parse_xml_tag(), internal_pubid_byte(), internal_split_field(), mdl_extract_selector(), mdl_meta_parse(), mdl_url_host(), and mdl_url_path().

strcmp()

int strcmp	(	const char *	s1,
		const char *	s2 )

Compare two null-terminated strings.

Compares s1 and s2 lexicographically as unsigned char values.

Parameters

[in]	s1	First null-terminated string.
[in]	s2	Second null-terminated string.

Returns

Difference between first differing characters, or 0 if identical.

Return values

0	Strings are identical up to null terminator.
<0	First non-matching character in s1 is less than in s2.
>0	First non-matching character in s1 is greater than in s2.

Precondition

Both s1 and s2 are valid null-terminated strings.

String buffers are readable.

Postcondition

Both input strings are unmodified.

Comparison semantics follow unsigned byte values.

Note

Freestanding runtime primitive; never allocates; reentrant and thread-safe when input strings are not concurrently modified.

Since

0.1.0

Definition at line 93 of file ra8_freestanding_str.c.

Referenced by internal_add_manifest_image(), internal_agent_spec(), internal_already_have(), internal_apply_semantic_key(), internal_cache_find(), internal_cache_find(), internal_compile_images(), internal_compile_stylesheets(), internal_config_apply_pair(), internal_config_apply_string(), internal_config_apply_u32(), internal_config_parse_order(), internal_config_valid(), internal_demo_probe_fat(), internal_demo_probe_foreign(), internal_duplicate_name(), internal_epub_media_type_from_sniff(), internal_epub_media_type_from_suffix(), internal_epub_page_is_cover(), internal_extract_meta(), internal_extract_series_metadata(), internal_find_row(), internal_format(), internal_gov_find(), internal_hit_index_of(), internal_is_dot_segment(), internal_is_option_value(), internal_is_reserved_base(), internal_is_void(), internal_key_is(), internal_library_leaf(), internal_mdl_fetch_discard_stale_page(), internal_mdl_fetch_try_reuse(), internal_modem_answer_line(), internal_parse(), internal_parse(), internal_parse(), internal_parse_arguments(), internal_parse_verify_opt(), internal_parse_xml_semantics(), internal_redirect_host_ok(), internal_remove_stale_page_variants(), internal_resolve_one_leaf(), internal_resolve_removal_target(), internal_root_walk_step(), internal_snapshot_prior_metadata(), internal_sort_pages(), internal_split_output(), internal_split_output(), internal_split_output(), internal_split_path(), internal_stub_listdir(), internal_stub_open(), internal_stub_stat(), internal_take_flag(), internal_take_opt(), internal_tar_member(), internal_urlname_is_known_ext(), internal_validate_network_args(), internal_zip_member(), main(), mdl_extract_images(), mdl_format_from_str(), mdl_governor_peek(), mdl_robots_cache_consult(), mdl_search_filter_series_hits(), mdl_state_chapter_complete(), mdl_state_chapter_pages(), mdl_state_find_chapter(), mdl_storage_copy_atomic(), priv_book_is_block(), priv_fmt_try_portable_convert(), priv_fmt_try_portable_inspect(), priv_fmt_try_portable_verify(), priv_fs_posix_dir_next(), priv_fs_posix_root_alias_classify(), priv_mdl_export_path_join(), priv_mdl_export_prepare_cover(), priv_reflow_tok_classify(), and prof_load().

strcpy()

char * strcpy	(	char *	dst,
		const char *	src )

Copy string to destination buffer.

Copies string src (including terminating null) to dst.

Parameters

[out]	dst	Destination buffer pointer.
[in]	src	Source null-terminated string pointer.

Returns

Original destination pointer dst.

Return values

dst	The destination pointer passed in dst is always returned.

Precondition

dst has sufficient capacity to hold src and terminating null.

dst and src do not overlap.

Postcondition

The copied string at dst matches src.

Source string is unmodified.

Note

Freestanding runtime primitive; never allocates; reentrant and thread-safe when strings are not concurrently modified.

Since

0.1.0

Definition at line 261 of file ra8_freestanding_str.c.

strlen()

size_t strlen

(

const char *

s

)

Calculate string length.

Computes the length of null-terminated string s.

Parameters

[in]

s

Null-terminated character string.

Returns

Number of characters preceding the terminating null character.

Return values

length

Number of characters before null terminator.

Precondition

s points to a valid null-terminated string.

String is readable up to the null terminator.

Postcondition

String content is unmodified.

Result is bounded by string length.

Note

Freestanding runtime primitive; never allocates; reentrant and thread-safe when input string is not concurrently modified.

Since

0.1.0

Computes number of characters before terminating null byte.

Parameters

[in]

s

Null-terminated character string.

Returns

String length in characters.

Return values

length

Number of characters before null terminator.

Precondition

s points to a valid null-terminated string.

s is readable.

Postcondition

String content is unmodified.

Never negative.

Note

Freestanding runtime primitive; never allocates; reentrant and thread-safe when input string is not concurrently modified.

Since

0.1.0

Definition at line 42 of file ra8_freestanding_str.c.

Referenced by cb_host_output_open(), demo_file_ops(), demo_print(), demo_puts(), demo_read_verify(), demo_write_test_file(), elf_sym_addr(), epub_toc_entry_to_chapter(), er_draw_key_label(), internal_add_manifest_image(), internal_add_rule(), internal_agent_spec(), internal_attr_at(), internal_authority_of(), internal_build_export_metadata(), internal_build_tar(), internal_cache_copy(), internal_cache_encode_record(), internal_cbz_add_metadata(), internal_ci_contains(), internal_class_has_token(), internal_cli_ends_ci(), internal_config_set_str(), internal_config_trim(), internal_config_valid(), internal_cookie_field_is(), internal_copy_fits(), internal_cover_copy(), internal_decode_entity(), internal_demo_http_get(), internal_demo_log(), internal_demo_print(), internal_elem_at(), internal_emit_cstr(), internal_ends_ci(), internal_ends_with(), internal_ends_with_ci(), internal_entity(), internal_epub_render_meta(), internal_exfat_list_emit(), internal_extract_label(), internal_extract_meta(), internal_fat_dir_scan_sector(), internal_filter_prefix(), internal_find_attr_value(), internal_find_ci(), internal_handle_cdata(), internal_handle_raw_text(), internal_hex_decode(), internal_intern_span(), internal_is_reserved_base(), internal_json_str(), internal_keyword(), internal_library_act_on_node(), internal_log(), internal_make_name(), internal_mdl_stage_headers(), internal_mdl_state_append_gaps(), internal_mdl_state_parse_binary64(), internal_mdl_state_paths(), internal_panel_rstrip(), internal_panel_set_name(), internal_parent(), internal_parse_panel(), internal_parse_xml_tag(), internal_prepare_filter_chapters(), internal_rcs_print(), internal_resolve_config_path(), internal_resolve_descriptor_path(), internal_resolve_one_leaf(), internal_resolve_pack_path(), internal_resolve_path_rel(), internal_resolve_scheme_rel(), internal_scan_tags(), internal_split_output(), internal_split_output(), internal_split_output(), internal_split_path(), internal_split_path(), internal_stage_name(), internal_stderr_write(), internal_str_copy_trimmed(), internal_tag_is(), internal_tar_header(), internal_terminator(), internal_text(), internal_text(), internal_text(), internal_text(), internal_text(), internal_text(), internal_trim_ws(), internal_url_slug(), internal_urlname_last_path_marker(), internal_urlname_path_end(), internal_urlname_path_start(), internal_validate_mode_fields(), internal_xml_unescape(), mdl_hash_str(), mdl_meta_parse(), mdl_path_contained(), mdl_path_join(), mdl_search_build_url(), mdl_urlname_chapter_parse(), mdl_xml_escape(), mkbookimg_dest_name(), priv_alphabet_soup_split_path(), priv_emu_io_err_text(), priv_emu_io_file_text(), priv_emu_io_out_text(), priv_match_grad(), priv_mdl_epub_add_str(), priv_mdl_epub_str_cat(), priv_mdl_state_relative_path_valid(), priv_mkbookimg_diag(), priv_mkfontimg_diag(), priv_ota_json_u32(), priv_ra8_svgp_attr(), priv_ra8_svgp_find_ci(), priv_ra8_svgp_starts_ci(), priv_reflow_tok_decode_entity(), priv_reflow_tok_find_lit(), priv_reflow_tok_skip_past(), priv_reflow_tok_starts_with(), priv_rv_diag(), ra8_rabook_intern(), rabook_import_open(), sh_center_x(), sh_comic_center_x(), sh_decode_entity(), sh_ext_match(), sh_fit(), sh_sd_listdir_cb(), sh_titlebar(), sh_xhtml_is_block(), sh_xhtml_is_suppress(), and xml_span_equal().

strncmp()

int strncmp	(	const char *	s1,
		const char *	s2,
		size_t	n )

Compare two strings up to a specified length.

Compares at most n characters of s1 and s2.

Parameters

[in]	s1	First string.
[in]	s2	Second string.
[in]	n	Maximum characters to compare.

Returns

Difference between first differing characters, or 0 if identical.

Return values

0	Strings match for first n characters or up to null terminator.
<0	First non-matching character in s1 is less than in s2.
>0	First non-matching character in s1 is greater than in s2.

Precondition

s1 and s2 are readable up to n bytes or null-terminated.

Both pointers are addressable.

Postcondition

Both input strings are unmodified.

Bounded by n characters.

Note

Freestanding runtime primitive; never allocates; reentrant and thread-safe when input strings are not concurrently modified.

Since

0.1.0

Definition at line 124 of file ra8_freestanding_str.c.

Referenced by epub_toc_entry_to_chapter(), internal_add_manifest_image(), internal_args_try_control(), internal_args_try_display(), internal_args_try_input(), internal_args_try_mode(), internal_args_try_sd(), internal_args_try_sym(), internal_config_valid(), internal_filter_prefix(), internal_init_site_identity(), internal_is_reserved_base(), internal_load_argv_traces(), internal_mdl_http_begin(), internal_mdl_start_request_valid(), internal_mdl_start_valid(), internal_output_path(), internal_panel_apply_kv(), internal_validate_mode_fields(), internal_xml_unescape(), mdl_extract_resolve_url(), mdl_extract_selector(), mdl_path_contained(), mdl_search_build_url(), priv_mdl_app_storage_publish_site(), priv_reflow_tok_decode_entity(), sh_decode_entity(), sh_xhtml_is_block(), and sh_xhtml_is_suppress().

strncpy()

char * strncpy	(	char *	dst,
		const char *	src,
		size_t	n )

Copy bounded string to destination buffer.

Copies at most n characters from src to dst, padding with null bytes if src is shorter than n.

Parameters

[out]	dst	Destination buffer pointer.
[in]	src	Source string pointer.
[in]	n	Maximum number of bytes to write.

Returns

Original destination pointer dst.

Return values

dst	The destination pointer passed in dst is always returned.

Precondition

dst points to at least n writable bytes.

dst and src do not overlap.

Postcondition

Exactly n bytes are written to dst.

Source string is unmodified.

Note

Freestanding runtime primitive; never allocates; reentrant and thread-safe when strings are not concurrently modified.

Since

0.1.0

Definition at line 288 of file ra8_freestanding_str.c.

Referenced by sh_copy_str(), sh_sd_listdir_cb(), and sh_seed_baked().

strnlen()

size_t strnlen	(	const char *	s,
		size_t	maxlen )

Calculate bounded string length.

Computes length of string s, up to a maximum of maxlen.

Parameters

[in]	s	Character string to measure.
[in]	maxlen	Maximum characters to examine.

Returns

Length of string up to maxlen.

Return values

length

Min of characters before null terminator and maxlen.

Precondition

s points to readable memory of at least maxlen bytes or null-terminated.

s is addressable.

Postcondition

String content is unmodified.

Return value is never greater than maxlen.

Note

Freestanding runtime primitive; never allocates; reentrant and thread-safe when input string is not concurrently modified.

Since

0.1.0

Computes length of string s up to a maximum of maxlen.

Parameters

[in]	s	Character string to measure.
[in]	maxlen	Maximum characters to examine.

Returns

Length of string up to maxlen.

Return values

length

Min of characters before null terminator and maxlen.

Precondition

s points to readable memory of at least maxlen bytes or null-terminated.

s is addressable.

Postcondition

String content is unmodified.

Return value is at most maxlen.

Note

Freestanding runtime primitive; never allocates; reentrant and thread-safe when input string is not concurrently modified.

Since

0.1.0

Definition at line 65 of file ra8_freestanding_str.c.

Referenced by internal_add_rule(), internal_cursor_entry(), internal_demo_roundtrip(), internal_library_leaf(), internal_library_remove_root(), internal_mdl_copy_field(), internal_mdl_http_field_copy(), internal_mdl_http_field_valid(), internal_mdl_request_field_valid(), internal_mdl_start_request_valid(), internal_mdl_start_valid(), internal_meta_candidate_path(), internal_urlname_copy(), mdl_robots_cache_consult(), mdl_urlname_chapter_parse(), mdl_urlname_chapter_text_parse(), priv_mdl_export_prepare_cover(), priv_mdl_export_validate_source_url(), and priv_mdl_state_field_valid().

strrchr()

char * strrchr	(	const char *	s,
		int	c )

Locate last occurrence of character in string.

Scans s for the last instance of character c (including null).

Parameters

[in]	s	Null-terminated string to search.
[in]	c	Character value to locate (converted to char).

Returns

Pointer to last occurrence in s, or nullptr if not found.

Return values

non-null	Pointer to last matching character in s.
nullptr	Character not found in s.

Precondition

s points to a valid null-terminated string.

s is readable.

Postcondition

String content is unmodified.

Returned pointer (if non-null) is within s.

Note

Freestanding runtime primitive; never allocates; reentrant and thread-safe when input string is not concurrently modified.

Since

0.1.0

Scans s for the last instance of character c (including null).

Parameters

[in]	s	Null-terminated string to search.
[in]	c	Character value to locate.

Returns

Pointer to last occurrence in s, or nullptr if not found.

Return values

non-null	Pointer to last matching character in s.
nullptr	Character not found in s.

Precondition

s points to a valid null-terminated string.

s is readable.

Postcondition

String content is unmodified.

Returned pointer (if non-null) is within s.

Note

Freestanding runtime primitive; never allocates; reentrant and thread-safe when input string is not concurrently modified.

Since

0.1.0

Definition at line 190 of file ra8_freestanding_str.c.

References memcpy().

Referenced by internal_body_paths(), internal_epub_media_type_from_suffix(), internal_mdl_fetch_try_reuse(), internal_parent(), internal_publish_page_image(), internal_resolve_one_leaf(), internal_split_path(), internal_split_path(), priv_alphabet_soup_split_path(), and priv_mdl_export_jof().

strstr()

char * strstr	(	const char *	haystack,
		const char *	needle )

Locate substring in string.

Finds the first occurrence of needle in haystack.

Parameters

[in]	haystack	Null-terminated string to search.
[in]	needle	Null-terminated substring to locate.

Returns

Pointer to beginning of substring in haystack, or nullptr if not found.

Return values

non-null	Pointer to substring occurrence in haystack.
nullptr	Substring not found in haystack.

Precondition

Both haystack and needle are valid null-terminated strings.

Both buffers are readable.

Postcondition

Both input strings are unmodified.

Returns haystack if needle is empty.

Note

Freestanding runtime primitive; never allocates; reentrant and thread-safe when input strings are not concurrently modified.

Since

0.1.0

Definition at line 222 of file ra8_freestanding_str.c.

References memcpy().

Referenced by internal_args_attach_blank_sd(), internal_authority_of(), internal_class_has_token(), internal_contains_ok(), internal_decode_fail(), internal_json_str(), internal_mve_exec_one(), internal_parse_xml_tag(), internal_resolve_scheme_rel(), internal_robots_target(), internal_run_stop_banner(), internal_sniff_content_type(), internal_urlname_path_start(), mdl_meta_parse(), mdl_search_filter_series_hits(), mdl_url_host(), mdl_url_path(), priv_epub_xml_attr_contains(), and priv_ota_json_u32().